David Attenborough: The Sound of Nature Episode 1(EN)Subtitles

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1 00:00:10 (CHIRRUPING AND ANIMAL CALLS)
2 00:00:13 (SQUAWKING AND CHIRPING)
3 00:00:15 The natural world is filled with sound.
4 00:00:19 (THUNDERCLAP)
5 00:00:21 (CLUCKING)
6 00:00:23 (BELLOWS AND SCREECHES)
7 00:00:25 (ROARS HOARSELY)
8 00:00:27 But so far,we've been hearing only part of it.
9 00:00:31 (CHIRRUPS AND CLICKS)
10 00:00:32 (PULSATING SQUEAKS)
11 00:00:33 The most advanced audio technology
12 00:00:36 can now record soundsthat we can't even hear.
13 00:00:39 (DEEP VIBRATING HUM)
14 00:00:41 (RATTLING)
15 00:00:43 (WHOOPING CALL)
16 00:00:47 (SOFT CLICKING)
17 00:00:49 (CHIRPS)
18 00:00:52 For some animals,sound is the key to survival.
19 00:00:55 (BUZZING)
20 00:00:57 (CLICKS AND SQUEAKS)
21 00:00:59 They use sound to hunt...
22 00:01:01 (FRANTIC SCREECHING)
23 00:01:03 (DEEP GROWLING)
24 00:01:05 ...and escape.
25 00:01:06 (PADDING AND RUSTLING)
26 00:01:08 (SOFT THUDDING)
27 00:01:13 Sound can make the differencebetween life and death.
28 00:01:19 (SCUFFING)
29 00:01:20 (SCUFFING AND PATTERING)
30 00:01:21 (HISSES)
31 00:01:23 It's time to open your ears
32 00:01:25 to lifeas you've never heard it before.
33 00:01:29 (GRUMBLING AND TRUMPETING)
34 00:01:36 (CHIRRUPING AND TWITTERING)
35 00:01:39 (SQUAWKING AND SCREECHING)
36 00:01:42 (DEEP RUMBLING GROWL)
37 00:01:48 (CHIRRUPING)
38 00:01:52 (SQUAWKING AND SCREECHING)
39 00:01:55 (GRUNTING)
40 00:01:57 (CHITTERING AND CROAKING)
41 00:02:01 (CACOPHONY OF ANIMAL CALLS)
42 00:02:06 (SOFT MOANING)
43 00:02:10 (CHIRPS)
44 00:02:14 Dawn on the African savanna.
45 00:02:17 (GRUNTING)
46 00:02:19 (BELLOWING)
47 00:02:22 (GRUNTING AND BELLOWING)
48 00:02:28 It's the best time of the day
49 00:02:31 for lions to broadcast their message.
50 00:02:36 (GRUNTS)
51 00:02:38 (BELLOWS HOARSELY)
52 00:02:41 (BELLOWS HOARSELY)
53 00:02:43 (BELLOWING CONTINUES)
54 00:02:46 As the sun rises,cold air is trapped near the ground.
55 00:02:52 Because it's denser than warm air,
56 00:02:54 it allows sound to travel furtherbefore dissipating.
57 00:02:58 (GRUNTING ECHOES)
58 00:02:59 (GRUNTS)
59 00:03:03 It's a declaration to other prides
60 00:03:06 of his ownershipof these hunting grounds...
61 00:03:11 ...and the key to hisand his pride's survival.
62 00:03:14 (RUMBLING GROWL)
63 00:03:16 (BELLOWS)
64 00:03:18 It's one of the greatestacoustic displays of power in nature.
65 00:03:22 (HIGH-PITCHED BELLOW)
66 00:03:26 (DEEP RUMBLING ROAR)
67 00:03:30 (GRUNTS AND ROARS)
68 00:03:34 (GRUNTS AND ROARS)
69 00:03:37 (GRUNTS)
70 00:03:39 He can be heardup to five miles away.
71 00:03:42 (RUMBLING ROAR)
72 00:03:44 (DEEP GRUNTING)
73 00:03:46 But even this isn't far enough
74 00:03:47 to reach the boundariesof their territory.
75 00:03:53 It spans over 150 square miles.
76 00:03:58 To defend an areaas immense as this,
77 00:04:00 the pride must roam and roar.
78 00:04:03 (SONOROUS RUMBLING ROAR)
79 00:04:09 But some members are too smallto get very far.
80 00:04:13 (YOWLS)
81 00:04:19 This pride is protectedby three brothers.
82 00:04:25 Together, they head off on patrol.
83 00:04:33 A lion's roar sends a clear messageto other prides.
84 00:04:42 But sound can also be usedin more subtle ways.
85 00:04:46 (CHIRRUPING)
86 00:04:49 (TWITTERING AND CHIRPING)
87 00:04:51 (LOW BUZZING)
88 00:04:53 (BUZZING CONTINUES)
89 00:04:57 (BUZZING AND HUMMING)
90 00:05:05 (INTENSE BUZZING)
91 00:05:08 This garden is filled with the soundof the buzzing of bees.
92 00:05:13 It's a sign that the plants have beensuccessful in attracting pollinators
93 00:05:18 with their brightly-coloured flowers
94 00:05:20 and seductive smells.
95 00:05:24 (INTENSE BUZZING)
96 00:05:27 The buzzing soundwe associate with bees
97 00:05:30 is a by-product created bythe beating wings as they fly.
98 00:05:35 (BUZZING)
99 00:05:38 (BUZZING)
100 00:05:40 But some beestake advantage of their buzz,
101 00:05:43 and use it,in a surprisingly sophisticated way,
102 00:05:47 to get to a supply of foodthat others can't reach.
103 00:05:51 (BUZZING)
104 00:06:00 One such bee lives underground.
105 00:06:06 (BUZZING THRUM)
106 00:06:09 These are buff-tailed bumblebees.
107 00:06:15 For the colony to survive,
108 00:06:17 each worker must collectas much pollen as she can
109 00:06:20 with which to feed their young.
110 00:06:22 (CONTINUOUS BUZZING THRUM)
111 00:06:25 Searching for itis a constant preoccupation.
112 00:06:33 (SOFT RUSTLING)
113 00:06:35 (INTREPID MUSIC)
114 00:06:42 (BUZZING)
115 00:06:50 It's spring in England...
116 00:06:55 (BUZZING)
117 00:06:57 (SOFT FLUTTERING)
118 00:07:00 (FLUTTERING AND CLICKING)
119 00:07:02 (GENTLE BUZZING)
120 00:07:03 ...and she is not the only onein search of food.
121 00:07:09 Competition for pollen and nectaris high.
122 00:07:14 And poppies are putting on a show.
123 00:07:19 Packed full of pollen,
124 00:07:21 they flaunt it at the topof long filaments called anthers.
125 00:07:26 (BUZZING)
126 00:07:29 These flowers are a free-for-all...
127 00:07:33 ...and everyoneis seeking a share of the bounty.
128 00:07:35 (BUZZING)
129 00:07:40 (HARMONIOUS BUZZING)
130 00:07:53 But she doesn't need to competewith other species
131 00:07:57 if she can finda particular kind of flower.
132 00:08:02 (SOFT FLUTTERING)
133 00:08:11 She's foundwhat she's been looking for...
134 00:08:14 (SOFT BUZZING AND FLUTTERING)
135 00:08:16 ...a type of nightshade.
136 00:08:18 (BUZZING)
137 00:08:25 Its flowers are less striking
138 00:08:27 and, unlike poppies,
139 00:08:29 its pollen is locked upinside long yellow anthers.
140 00:08:35 The only way for it to escapeis through tiny holes.
141 00:08:43 The bumblebee holds the key
142 00:08:45 that unlocks this treasury of pollen.
143 00:08:50 Sound.
144 00:08:52 Locking in her wings,
145 00:08:54 she uses her flight musclesto vibrate her whole body,
146 00:08:58 buzzing up to 370 times a second.
147 00:09:02 (INTENSE BUZZING)
148 00:09:09 This sonic assaultblasts the pollen loose.
149 00:09:13 (BUZZING CONTINUES)
150 00:09:25 She then grooms the pollendown into sticky sacs on her legs
151 00:09:29 and flies off to the next flower.
152 00:09:31 (INTENSE BUZZING)
153 00:09:38 Very few speciescan buzz-pollinate in this way,
154 00:09:42 so bumblebees have nearly exclusiveaccess to the nightshades' pollen.
155 00:09:48 (INTENSE BUZZING)
156 00:09:55 The bee's pollination buzzis higher pitched
157 00:09:58 than that made during flight.
158 00:10:03 It's the same frequencyas the musical note D.
159 00:10:06 (HIGH-PITCHED BUZZING)
160 00:10:13 She's like a living tuning fork.
161 00:10:18 Some buzz pollinatorscan vary their pitch,
162 00:10:21 fine-tuning itto suit different flowers.
163 00:10:24 So pollen is releasedin the most efficient way.
164 00:10:33 Fully loaded,she returns to the hive.
165 00:10:44 She has successfully used sound
166 00:10:46 to help secure the pollenher colony needs.
167 00:10:49 (CONTINUOUS HUMMING)
168 00:10:56 We tend to take bees for granted...
169 00:10:59 but it's not just plantsthat depend on them, we do too.
170 00:11:05 Many of our crops rely on pollinators
171 00:11:08 like bees and other insects.
172 00:11:12 Worryingly, bee populations,
173 00:11:15 together with thoseof many other insect pollinators,
174 00:11:18 are in serious declinearound the world.
175 00:11:23 And with their numbers plummeting,
176 00:11:25 both the natural world and our ownfood supplies are in danger.
177 00:11:29 (CONTINUOUS BUZZING)
178 00:11:31 Bees need our help
179 00:11:34 and without themand the sound of their buzz,
180 00:11:37 the future for us allwould look bleak.
181 00:11:42 (INTENSE BUZZING)
182 00:11:48 Sound provides the keyto this partnership
183 00:11:51 between bumble bees and plants.
184 00:11:55 But not all relationships in natureare as harmonious.
185 00:11:59 (BIRDSONG)
186 00:12:01 (DISTANT BIRD CALLS)
187 00:12:04 The Bahama Islands in the Caribbean.
188 00:12:14 The sand flats here are the home
189 00:12:17 of garden eels and razorfish.
190 00:12:19 (WATER BURBLES GENTLY)
191 00:12:26 (FAINT SQUEAKING)
192 00:12:29 But there is trouble in paradise.
193 00:12:32 (ECHOEY CLICKING AND SQUEAKING)
194 00:12:36 The sound of approaching danger.
195 00:12:38 (ECHOEY RHYTHMIC SQUEAKING)
196 00:12:42 It's a cue to hide.
197 00:12:44 (ECHOEY WHISTLING AND SQUEAKING)
198 00:12:52 (SQUEAKING AND CLICKING)
199 00:12:54 A mixed groupsof spotted and bottlenose dolphins.
200 00:12:58 (SQUEAKING AND WHISTLING)
201 00:13:03 Their whistles and squeaks are partof their continuous conversations...
202 00:13:07 (CLICKING)
203 00:13:09 ...with a range of frequenciesseven times greater than ours.
204 00:13:13 (HIGH-PITCHED SQUEAKING)
205 00:13:16 (CLICKING AND SQUEAKING)
206 00:13:25 To hunt for food, they must split up.
207 00:13:28 (CLICKING AND WHISTLING)
208 00:13:30 Each dolphinneeds 15 kilograms of fish a day.
209 00:13:36 (CHIRRUPING)
210 00:13:39 But, thanks to their rowdy arrival,
211 00:13:42 there isn't a morsel in sight.
212 00:13:47 The hunt is on.
213 00:13:51 (LOW GRUMBLING)
214 00:13:56 (LOW GRUMBLING)
215 00:13:59 (CLICKING AND CHIRRUPING)
216 00:14:01 The bottlenose dolphinsnow switch from whistles
217 00:14:04 to bursts of fast clicks,
218 00:14:07 up to 200 per second.
219 00:14:09 (RAPID CLICKING)
220 00:14:14 (INTENSE HIGH-FREQUENCY CLICKING)
221 00:14:18 These high-frequency clicksare sent out like a sonar beam
222 00:14:22 through an organ in the foreheadcalled a melon,
223 00:14:25 with whichthey can scan the ocean floor.
224 00:14:28 (RAPID CLICKING)
225 00:14:38 When the beam of soundhits a fish hiding beneath the sand,
226 00:14:42 it's reflected back,revealing its location.
227 00:14:46 (CLICKING)
228 00:14:47 Using echolocation,
229 00:14:49 the dolphins are ableto create a visual map
230 00:14:52 of what is hiddenunder the sea floor.
231 00:14:54 (RAPID CLICKING)
232 00:15:06 Some of these clicksare ten times higher
233 00:15:09 than the sounds our ears can detect.
234 00:15:12 (HIGH-PITCHED CLICKING)
235 00:15:14 (SILENCE)
236 00:15:15 High-frequency soundsare most effective at close range,
237 00:15:19 enabling the dolphins to pinpointtheir prey with great precision.
238 00:15:31 But there is more to thesepirouettes than meets the eye.
239 00:15:36 (CLICKING)
240 00:15:38 Scientists have recently discoveredthat bottlenose dolphins
241 00:15:43 favour theirright side when scanning the seabed.
242 00:15:49 The right side of the headusually produces the sonar clicks.
243 00:15:54 And the right side is also betterat detecting the returning echo.
244 00:15:58 (CLICKING)
245 00:16:01 (MELLIFLUOUS MUSIC)
246 00:16:11 The only evidence that there has beena sonar search here
247 00:16:15 are small craters in the sand.
248 00:16:33 Dolphins use sound with great effect
249 00:16:36 to find their food.
250 00:16:38 But in other places,a quieter approach
251 00:16:41 is the key to a successful hunt.
252 00:16:45 (DISTANT SQUAWKING)
253 00:16:48 (DISTANT CHIRRUPING)
254 00:16:50 (SQUAWKING)
255 00:16:52 (SOFT RUSTLING)
256 00:16:55 In the forests of Manitobain Canada,
257 00:16:58 the great grey owlis a master of silence.
258 00:17:11 Specially-adapted flight feathers
259 00:17:13 allow him to approach silently.
260 00:17:17 (WIND GUSTS GENTLY)
261 00:17:28 His prey is hiddenunder a blanket of snow.
262 00:17:38 (SOFT SNUFFLING)
263 00:17:43 Voles.
264 00:17:47 Finding them in this vast,snow-covered landscape
265 00:17:51 seems an impossible task.
266 00:17:57 To combat the extreme cold,
267 00:17:59 he must catch seven voles a day.
268 00:18:04 His ears will behis most effective weapon.
269 00:18:09 (SNUFFLES AND SQUEAKS)
270 00:18:13 Voles need to feed continuously
271 00:18:16 or they will freeze to death.
272 00:18:18 (HIGH-PITCHED SQUEAKING)
273 00:18:21 (PATTERING FOOTSTEPS)
274 00:18:23 They constantly dig tunnelsto find new food supplies...
275 00:18:29 ...unaware of the danger above.
276 00:18:32 (SNUFFLING AND SCUFFLING)
277 00:18:37 Hidden under a facecovered by feathers,
278 00:18:40 the owl's ears are positioned
279 00:18:42 at slightly different levelson either side of his head.
280 00:18:49 Sound will hit one earbefore the other,
281 00:18:51 allowing him to pinpoint his preywith great accuracy.
282 00:19:01 His acoustic arsenaldoesn't stop there.
283 00:19:07 The large facial ruff,
284 00:19:10 formed from feathers that areparticularly stiff and dense,
285 00:19:13 help to amplify soundand funnel it towards the ears.
286 00:19:26 (RUSTLING AND SQUEAKING)
287 00:19:30 Through half a metre of snow,
288 00:19:33 the sound of scampering feetis inaudible to us.
289 00:19:40 But it's loud enough for him.
290 00:19:48 With the help of a specialist camera
291 00:19:50 equippedwith 60 highly-sensitive microphones,
292 00:19:54 we can revealwhat the owl is hearing.
293 00:19:58 (FAINT SCUFFLING)
294 00:19:59 The camera visualiseswhere the vole is beneath the snow.
295 00:20:06 (SNUFFLES)
296 00:20:18 And he's off.
297 00:20:24 (SCUFFLES AND SNIFFS)
298 00:20:31 (CRUNCHING)
299 00:20:38 This time he's missed.
300 00:20:46 (RUSTLING)
301 00:20:49 Despite his acute hearing,hunting in snow is a challenge.
302 00:20:57 The snow not only muffles sound,
303 00:21:00 it bends it too.
304 00:21:05 While it appearsas if the vole is here,
305 00:21:08 it's actually over there.
306 00:21:15 The only way to defeatthis acoustic illusion,
307 00:21:18 is for the owlto get directly above the vole,
308 00:21:22 where sound is no longer distortedby the snow.
309 00:21:25 (WIND GUSTS SOFTLY)
310 00:21:37 As he flies,he tracks the sound as it changes.
311 00:21:43 (SUSPENSEFUL MUSIC)
312 00:21:49 The closer he gets,the less the sound is bent.
313 00:21:55 Directly above the vole,he can pinpoint his target.
314 00:22:06 (VOLE SQUEAKS)
315 00:22:18 The great grey owl's hearing
316 00:22:20 is its key to securing a meal.
317 00:22:25 For others,it's crucial to avoid being eaten.
318 00:22:29 (CHIRRUPING)
319 00:22:32 In the Arizona desert,it's the height of summer.
320 00:22:38 Daytime temperaturesare over 40 degrees Celsius.
321 00:22:43 So it's best to be active at night.
322 00:22:48 Filming under infra-red lightswith a specialist camera...
323 00:22:53 ...we can see everything.
324 00:22:55 (WIND GUSTS SOFTLY)
325 00:22:59 But to a kangaroo rat,
326 00:23:01 it's nearly pitch black.
327 00:23:06 In the dark,her most valuable ally is sound.
328 00:23:10 (WIND GUSTS AND PLANTS RUSTLE)
329 00:23:13 (SNIFFS)
330 00:23:19 Her mission tonight is to collectas many seeds as she can.
331 00:23:26 But food is scarce...
332 00:23:30 ...and competition fierce.
333 00:23:33 (SNIFFS)
334 00:23:36 And, in the dark,it's hard to spot danger.
335 00:23:40 (SCUFFLING)
336 00:23:42 (FOREBODING MUSIC)
337 00:23:45 (SOFT RUSTLING)
338 00:23:48 Her ears are 90 timesmore sensitive than ours...
339 00:23:52 and hollow spaces in her skull
340 00:23:54 act like an echo chamber,
341 00:23:56 amplifying the faintest of sounds.
342 00:23:59 (RUSTLING)
343 00:24:02 (RUSTLING)
344 00:24:05 But she hasanother problem tonight.
345 00:24:08 (WIND HOWLS)
346 00:24:11 (WIND GUSTS AND SAND RUSTLES)
347 00:24:13 Wind.
348 00:24:15 (WIND HOWLS)
349 00:24:17 (SAND RUSTLES)
350 00:24:23 She might not hear a predatoruntil it's too late.
351 00:24:32 This time, it's just a stick.
352 00:24:36 But, in the darkness,she's right to be cautious.
353 00:24:43 Snakes can pick upthe sounds of scampering feet
354 00:24:46 through their lower jaw.
355 00:24:49 (SOFT RUSTLING)
356 00:24:55 (SNIFFS)
357 00:24:57 She's made itto her favourite feeding spot.
358 00:25:01 But she's not alone for long.
359 00:25:13 She warns him to stay awayby drumming her foot on the ground.
360 00:25:19 (TAPPING)
361 00:25:24 (TAPPING ECHOES)He can decipher her size and strength
362 00:25:27 from her signal.
363 00:25:29 (TAPPING)
364 00:25:35 He drums back.
365 00:25:37 (TAPPING)
366 00:25:39 It's a battle of beats.
367 00:25:41 (TAPPING ECHOES)
368 00:25:45 (TAPPING CONTINUES)
369 00:25:50 Stalemate.
370 00:25:52 There's only oneway to resolve this.
371 00:25:55 (DRAMATIC ORCHESTRAL MUSIC)
372 00:26:17 (MUSIC FADES)
373 00:26:21 Dinner time at last.
374 00:26:36 She hears something.
375 00:26:39 (OMINOUS MUSIC)
376 00:26:45 Just out of striking range,she drums again...
377 00:26:49 (TAPPING)
378 00:26:52 ...this time to alert the snakeit's been spotted.
379 00:26:58 But just to be sure...
380 00:27:00 (SCUFFING AND RUSTLING)
381 00:27:04 (RUSTLING)
382 00:27:06 (HISSES)
383 00:27:11 Message received.
384 00:27:20 While kangaroo ratsuse the ground as a drum
385 00:27:23 to drive their enemies away...
386 00:27:26 others are summonedby seismic sounds.
387 00:27:33 (LOW GRUMBLING)
388 00:27:38 (LOW GRUMBLING)
389 00:27:41 (WIND WHISTLES)
390 00:27:46 (WHOOSHING)
391 00:27:50 Amboseli National Park in Kenya.
392 00:27:54 It hasn't rained herein nearly a year...
393 00:27:57 (DEEP GRUMBLING)
394 00:28:01 ...and the dry seasonhas turned into a severe drought.
395 00:28:06 (CACOPHONY OF SCREECHINGAND SQUAWKING)
396 00:28:12 For elephants,the situation is desperate.
397 00:28:15 (LOW GRUMBLING)
398 00:28:19 With no food or waterfor miles around,
399 00:28:21 the matriarchmust wait for a message...
400 00:28:25 ...a sound that will travelthrough the ground.
401 00:28:29 (LOW GRUMBLING)
402 00:28:31 (HUFFING)
403 00:28:37 If it arrives,it will guide them from disaster.
404 00:28:44 The young calvesare especially vulnerable.
405 00:28:49 (GRUNTING)
406 00:28:51 Their mother's milk will dry upif rain doesn't arrive soon.
407 00:28:58 (WIND WHISTLES)
408 00:29:03 (LOW GRUMBLING)
409 00:29:09 (RUMBLING AND GUSTING)
410 00:29:11 A hundred miles away,a storm has broken...
411 00:29:15 (THUNDERCLAP)
412 00:29:21 ...and the elephants have heard.
413 00:29:24 (THUNDER RUMBLES)
414 00:29:26 (LIGHTNING CRACKLES)
415 00:29:29 Not with their ears...
416 00:29:32 ...but with their feet.
417 00:29:35 (RAIN SPLATTERS)
418 00:29:38 The sound of the stormsends low-frequency vibrations
419 00:29:42 through the ground.
420 00:29:44 (AMPLIFIED RUMBLING)
421 00:29:48 The herd picks up the vibrations
422 00:29:50 through a network of nervesin the fatty pads of their feet.
423 00:29:54 (AMPLIFIED RUMBLING)
424 00:29:57 (HEAVY SPLASHING)
425 00:30:02 By lifting one foot,
426 00:30:04 they can make better contacton the ground with the other.
427 00:30:09 (STEADY PATTERING)
428 00:30:12 It's the message the matriarchhas been waiting for.
429 00:30:15 (LOW GRUMBLING)
430 00:30:18 She gives a low "let's go" rumble.
431 00:30:22 (LOW GRUMBLING)
432 00:30:25 It's echoed by her sisters.
433 00:30:28 (GRUNTING AND GRUMBLING)
434 00:30:34 The journey ahead is treacherous...
435 00:30:38 ...but the sound of the stormwill be their guide.
436 00:30:41 (TRUMPETING)
437 00:30:44 (GRUNTS AND SCREECHES)
438 00:30:47 (LOW GRUMBLING)
439 00:30:53 (WIND WHOOSHES)
440 00:30:56 Finally,after two days on the move...
441 00:31:00 ...they've made it.
442 00:31:04 Their ability to detect sounda hundred miles away
443 00:31:08 has saved the herd.
444 00:31:12 (THUNDER RUMBLES)
445 00:31:16 Elephants aren't the only oneswho respond to the sound of rain.
446 00:31:23 But sometimessounds can be deceptive.
447 00:31:30 In Vancouver, in Canada,it's also raining.
448 00:31:36 (HISSING AND PATTERING)
449 00:31:46 (STEADY PATTERING)
450 00:32:07 Underground the soilis teeming with earthworms.
451 00:32:13 Some rise to the surfacein search of food or mates.
452 00:32:20 But if the ground isn't wet enough,they risk drying out.
453 00:32:26 Sound helps thempick the opportune moment.
454 00:32:31 (SPLASHING)
455 00:32:33 As the rain hits the ground,
456 00:32:35 it creates vibrationsthat travel down into the soil.
457 00:32:44 They are picked up by sensitivenerve cells in the worm's skin.
458 00:32:50 As they rise,the tumultuous pitter-patter
459 00:32:54 is music to their senses.
460 00:32:57 (STEADY PATTERING)
461 00:33:01 But it is also a soundthat can seal their fate.
462 00:33:06 Worms aren't the only oneson the move.
463 00:33:11 (GULLS SQUAWKING)
464 00:33:13 Outside the city, a flock of gulls
465 00:33:15 are co-ordinating theirmorning departure from the roost.
466 00:33:19 (CACOPHONY OF SQUAWKINGAND SCREECHING)
467 00:33:32 Thanks to the rain, they've gota special meal on the menu today.
468 00:33:37 Worms!
469 00:33:40 But by the time they arrive,
470 00:33:43 the downpour is over...
471 00:33:48 ...and the wormsare already retreating.
472 00:33:56 Dining options look scarce...
473 00:33:59 ...but the gulls have a crafty trick.
474 00:34:04 For it to work,they must find their rhythm.
475 00:34:07 (SOFT RHYTHMIC TAPPING)
476 00:34:15 Paddling creates vibrations thatlikely mimics the sound of rain.
477 00:34:24 It's a dance of deception.
478 00:34:29 (MUFFLED TAPPING)The worms rise once again.
479 00:34:32 (MUFFLED TAPPING)
480 00:34:39 They can't resistthe rhythmic rain dance.
481 00:34:48 (RHYTHMIC TAPPING)
482 00:35:00 (STEADY PATTERING)
483 00:35:02 Another showerbrings an acoustic climax.
484 00:35:07 (RHYTHMIC TAPPING)
485 00:35:14 The rainy seasonwill last all winter,
486 00:35:17 so worms are on the menuuntil spring.
487 00:35:23 For these gulls,the cunning use of sound
488 00:35:27 helps them win an easy meal.
489 00:35:34 But in other parts of the world,
490 00:35:36 the stakes are higherfor both predator and prey.
491 00:35:41 (LOW GRUMBLING)
492 00:35:46 (LOW GRUMBLING)
493 00:35:49 (INSECTS CHIRRUPING)
494 00:35:51 (LION GRUNTS)
495 00:35:52 As night fallson the African savanna,
496 00:35:55 the air is filledwith sounds of a formidable hunter.
497 00:36:01 (LIONS BELLOW)
498 00:36:04 (BELLOWING CONTINUES)
499 00:36:07 (BELLOWING)
500 00:36:11 (DEEP RUMBLING GROWL)
501 00:36:14 On the other side of the territory,
502 00:36:16 the females of the prideare preparing to hunt.
503 00:36:22 Over 30 strong,they must make a kill every night.
504 00:36:30 (SOFT GROWLING)
505 00:36:32 Close by, a hyena den.
506 00:36:34 (SOFT SQUEAKING)
507 00:36:38 The adults must also head outto find their next meal.
508 00:36:47 Hyenas will often stealif the opportunity arises...
509 00:36:53 ...even from their deadliest foes.
510 00:36:57 But separated from the males,this pride is vulnerable.
511 00:37:06 For a successful heist,the hyenas rely on sound.
512 00:37:13 First,the lionesses need to make a kill.
513 00:37:16 (GROWLING AND GRUNTING)
514 00:37:18 With a noisy family in tow,that can be tricky.
515 00:37:21 (YOWLING)
516 00:37:23 (MOOING AND GRUNTING)
517 00:37:25 Wildebeest have gatheredtogether for safety.
518 00:37:28 (MOOING AND GRUNTING)
519 00:37:34 In the darkness,they have to rely on their hearing.
520 00:37:40 (DISTANT MOOING AND GRUNTING)
521 00:37:50 The lionessmakes a stealthy approach...
522 00:38:02 ...but there is a problem
523 00:38:05 (SNUFFLING AND RATTLING)
524 00:38:07 A porcupine is a playful distractionfor the youngsters.
525 00:38:11 (QUILLS RATTLE)
526 00:38:13 The sound of shaking quillsis a warning...
527 00:38:16 (QUILLS RATTLE)
528 00:38:17 (SNARLING)
529 00:38:19 (YOWLING)
530 00:38:22 ...and the wildebeesthave heard the commotion.
531 00:38:29 (THUNDERING HOOVES)
532 00:38:35 They have blown it for her.
533 00:38:38 (GRUNTING AND GROWLING)
534 00:38:40 They will take the rattle of shakingquills more seriously next time.
535 00:38:46 (MOOING AND GRUNTING)
536 00:38:54 The pridehave detected another opportunity.
537 00:39:00 A warthog burrow.
538 00:39:08 (GROWLING)
539 00:39:10 (WARTHOG SCREECHES)
540 00:39:12 (SNARLING)
541 00:39:14 (WARTHOG SCREECHES)
542 00:39:17 (SLURPING AND CRUNCHING)
543 00:39:20 The sound of their feastcarries far in the cool night air...
544 00:39:26 ...and the hyenas have heard.
545 00:39:30 (CRUNCHING AND SLURPING)
546 00:39:38 But there are too many lions hereto steal this meal alone.
547 00:39:46 She will need the full forceof her clan.
548 00:39:50 (LOW WHOOPING CALL)
549 00:39:52 She sends a messageto rally her troops.
550 00:39:56 (WHOOPING CALL)
551 00:40:02 (WHOOPING CALL)
552 00:40:05 Directed at the ground, her messageresonates further and faster
553 00:40:09 than it would through air.
554 00:40:11 (CHITTERING AND SQUEAKING)
555 00:40:13 (CHITTERING)
556 00:40:16 (HIGH-PITCHING SQUEAKING)
557 00:40:20 (CHITTERING)
558 00:40:22 Even with numbers now on their side,
559 00:40:24 sound is criticalif they're to steal this meal.
560 00:40:27 (WHOOPING AND CHITTERING)
561 00:40:31 (SNARLING)
562 00:40:33 Calling unites the clan.
563 00:40:36 They must approachas a tight-knit group,
564 00:40:38 making as much noise as they can.
565 00:40:40 (CACOPHONY OF WHOOPING ANDCHITTERING)
566 00:40:48 (LOW GROWL)
567 00:40:49 (HYENAS SCREECH)
568 00:40:55 (HYENA SCREECHES)
569 00:40:59 (LION SNARLS)
570 00:41:03 (YELPING AND WHIMPERING)
571 00:41:05 (SNARLS)
572 00:41:07 (SCREECHING AND ROARING)
573 00:41:11 The noise of the battlehas alerted more lions.
574 00:41:16 (SNARLING)
575 00:41:17 (FRANTIC SCREECHING)
576 00:41:19 (YOWLING)
577 00:41:22 (YELPING)
578 00:41:23 (LOW GROWL)
579 00:41:25 It's game over for the hyenas.
580 00:41:28 (HIGH-PITCHED SCREECHING)
581 00:41:30 The brothers have returned.
582 00:41:33 (YELPING)
583 00:41:42 (BIRDS TWITTERING)
584 00:41:49 After a successful night,the pride is well fed.
585 00:41:57 Some will spend the day dozing.
586 00:42:03 But for others,it's time to reaffirm
587 00:42:06 the prides' ownershipof their territory.
588 00:42:08 (GROWLS HOARSELY)
589 00:42:15 (GRUNTS)
590 00:42:23 We are onlyjust beginning to understand
591 00:42:26 the many ways that animals use sound.
592 00:42:32 For us,the sound of the natural world
593 00:42:35 is a source of peaceand tranquillity.
594 00:42:40 For other animals,it's a tool they have to master
595 00:42:44 in order to hunt and survive.
596 00:43:06 MAN: Yep.WOMAN: It is so cold out here.
597 00:43:10 MAN: I think just over hereto the left looks pretty good.
598 00:43:13 OK.We have picture.
599 00:43:15 Our film crew have cometo Manitoba in Canada
600 00:43:19 in search of the great grey owl.
601 00:43:23 Yeh, that looks like- a promising spot.
602 00:43:27 I think there weresome owls here last week.
603 00:43:32 But, like many of our shoots,
604 00:43:33 we rely on the work of otherswho've come before us.
605 00:43:39 For years, scientists have wondered
606 00:43:41 exactly how the owl penetrates thelayers of snow that conceal its prey.
607 00:43:51 Biologists Chris Clark and Jim Duncanare on a mission.
608 00:43:55 This is excellent.There's a plunge hole right here
609 00:43:57 where the great grey hit the snow.
610 00:44:01 They are armed with a special tool.
611 00:44:04 I'll grab the battery.OK.
612 00:44:06 An acoustic camera.
613 00:44:08 This versionhas 40 sensitive microphones
614 00:44:12 that pinpoint sound, while a tinycamera films its exact location.
615 00:44:18 It should allow them to see exactlywhat the owl is hearing.
616 00:44:21 (RUSTLING)
617 00:44:23 This camera is wonderfulbecause it visualises
618 00:44:26 where the sound is coming from.
619 00:44:28 So I'm able to look and see,
620 00:44:30 how does the environmentaffect the sound.
621 00:44:32 (MUFFLED RUSTLING)
622 00:44:38 Snow is a formidable barrier.
623 00:44:44 For the vole,it's a cloak of invisibility.
624 00:44:47 (SNUFFLING)
625 00:44:49 To the owl, it's an obstacle thatmust be overcome by hearing alone.
626 00:44:55 52cm?Yeah.
627 00:44:58 The researchersbury a speaker under the snow
628 00:45:01 which will play the soundof a foraging vole.
629 00:45:04 (HIGH-PITCHED SQUEAKING)
630 00:45:07 They will bury itat different depths
631 00:45:09 and use the acoustic camera to seehow the snow affects the sound.
632 00:45:15 The speaker is now visiblein the camera view.
633 00:45:17 This black thing right here,that's the speaker.
634 00:45:20 And the acoustic camera,that blob of colour,
635 00:45:22 is localising the soundcoming from the speaker.
636 00:45:27 But the playbackfrom the snow-covered speaker
637 00:45:30 reveals a surprise
638 00:45:32 the snow dramatically altersthe location of the sound.
639 00:45:37 (MUFFLED SQUEAKING)That metre stick
640 00:45:41 and there's a blob of colourwhere the acoustic camera
641 00:45:44 perceives the soundto be coming out of the snow.
642 00:45:47 It's amazing. The snow is bendingthe path that the sound is taking.
643 00:45:51 As a result, if an owl were to tryto localise the sound of the vole,
644 00:45:56 from where it hears the sound, itwould miss and hit the wrong spot.
645 00:46:01 But Chris realises there is a wayfor the owl to overcome this problem.
646 00:46:13 As the owl is coming in,
647 00:46:14 it's listening to pinpointthe location of the vole.
648 00:46:19 Because of the snow,it sounds like the vole is here...
649 00:46:24 ...when it's actually there.
650 00:46:28 But as the owl gets closer,
651 00:46:30 it starts to overcome the effectthat snow has on the sound.
652 00:46:38 For the first time Chris realiseswhy, at this point in its attack,
653 00:46:43 the great grey owl hovers.
654 00:46:46 The acoustic camera reveals thatit's now in the perfect position.
655 00:46:53 The sweet spot for the owlis when it's right above the prey.
656 00:46:57 Directly above the vole,the snow doesn't bend the sound
657 00:47:00 so the owl can pinpointexactly where the vole is.
658 00:47:04 (SQUEAKING)
659 00:47:06 Only then does the owl plunge.
660 00:47:10 (VOLE SQUEAKS)
661 00:47:11 Wow!
662 00:47:13 It's completely amazing thatthese owls can localise their prey
663 00:47:16 just by listening.
664 00:47:22 I love doing this kind of researchand, through that,
665 00:47:25 understand the natural worldand the amazing things
666 00:47:28 that specieslike the great grey owl are doing.
667 00:47:33 For decades,researchers had believed
668 00:47:35 that there was more to discover aboutthe great grey owl's acute hearing.
669 00:47:42 Now they've finally uncoveredthe complex ways
670 00:47:45 it uses soundto hunt its prey in snow.
671 00:47:52 Alrighty.
672 00:47:56 (THUNDERCLAP)(CROAKS)
673 00:47:58 As the story of sound continues...
674 00:48:01 (DEEP HUMMING)
675 00:48:03 ...we reveal how animals use soundto fight off competition...
676 00:48:08 (WHOOPING)
677 00:48:09 (RAPID THUDDING)
678 00:48:11 ...and use songsin their quest to win a mate.
679 00:48:14 (STRIDENT SQUAWKS)
680 00:48:17 (INSECTS CHIRRUPING)
681 00:48:21 (SOFT RUMBLING ROAR)
682 00:48:23 (SQUAWKING AND CHIRRUPING)
683 00:48:25 (WHOOPING CALL)
684 00:48:29 (ANIMAL SOUNDS CONTINUE)
685 00:48:33 AccessibleCustomerService@sky.uk