The Hunt Episode 1(CN/EN)Subtitles
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1 00:00:45 The duels between hunters and hunted捕猎者与猎物之间的较量
2 00:00:47 are as dramatic as any event in the natural world.是自然界中极具戏剧性的事件
3 00:00:54 The stakes could not be higher.没有比这更大的利益价值了
4 00:01:02 For both, it's a matter of life and death.对双方来说 这关乎生死
5 00:01:10 Yet, surprisingly, it's the hunters that usually fail.然而令人惊奇的是 往往是捕猎者会失败
6 00:01:18 To have any chance of survival,为了抓住任何生存的机会
7 00:01:21 predators must be perfectly tuned to their own hunting arenas.掠食者们必须完美适应狩猎场
8 00:01:34 Every habitat brings a different challenge.每一片栖息地 都会带来不同的挑战
9 00:01:57 This series will reveal, as never before,本系列将会前所未有地
10 00:02:00 the extraordinary range of strategies predators use to catch their prey.展现掠食者捕获猎物的非凡技巧
11 00:02:14 But even for the most skilful,即使对于最高超的捕猎者
12 00:02:18 success is never guaranteed.成功也不能完全保证
13 00:03:26 A female leopard on the prowl.一只雌花豹正在潜行
14 00:03:33 Few predators instil more fear.少有掠食者如此骇人
15 00:03:49 Yet, out in the open,然而在开阔地带
16 00:03:52 she has little chance of catching anything.它捕获猎物的机会很小
17 00:03:55 To succeed, she must get within a few metres of her prey.为了成功 它得靠近猎物几米以内
18 00:04:00 undetected.而不被察觉
19 00:04:06 Her strategy is to use cover,它的策略是利用伪装
20 00:04:09 wearing it like a cloak of invisibility.像是披着一件隐形斗篷
21 00:04:23 She's an expert in stealth.它是潜行高手
22 00:04:35 Impala are her favourite prey.黑斑羚是它最喜欢的猎物
23 00:04:44 This one is just out of her range.这一只正好在捕猎距离以外
24 00:04:49 She needs to get closer, within four metres.它需要靠近 到4米以内
25 00:04:54 She only has a short burst of speed.它只能短时间冲刺
26 00:05:07 She must stay hidden until she's in the strike zone.在进入突袭区域之前 它必须保持隐秘
27 00:05:26 But out of sight doesn't mean out of mind.看不见并不意味着没有察觉
28 00:05:31 Impala have acute hearing and a superb sense of smell.黑斑羚具有极为敏锐的听力和嗅觉
29 00:05:48 Now the only prey she can see is right out in the open.它唯一能看到的猎物就在开阔地
30 00:05:59 But leopards are the most versatile of all the big cats,花豹是所有大型猫科动物中 本领最多样的
31 00:06:03 adept at finding cover in the most unpromising places.非常善于在最不利的环境中寻找掩护
32 00:06:25 The steep walls of the gully are now her cover for an ambush.它借助水沟的陡峭边缘作掩护 进行伏击
33 00:06:34 The male puku is close enough, but he's too big to tackle.这只雄赤羚足够近 但体型太大难以对付
34 00:06:41 She needs to slip past him without being seen.花豹得悄悄溜过去 避免被发现
35 00:06:55 If he spots her, he'll blow her cover.如果羚羊发现了它 掩护就失效了
36 00:07:17 Slowly does it.慢慢来
37 00:07:28 To succeed here,为了这次成功
38 00:07:30 she needs to find prey grazing close to the edge.它需要找到在边缘吃草的猎物
39 00:07:34 Or better still,更好的情况是
40 00:07:35 in the gully itself.就在水沟里
41 00:08:23 Frustration.失败了
42 00:08:28 Success would have staved off hunger for a week.如果一周内没有捕获 它就会饿死
43 00:08:35 But while there's prey around, there's hope.但只要附近有猎物 就有希望
44 00:08:41 Peeking over the top is a risk,露出头来偷窥 是有风险的
45 00:08:44 but it's the quickest way to find a new target.但这是找到新目标的最快方法
46 00:09:23 A burst of speed of 40mph以40英里时速冲刺
47 00:09:26 and it's all over in less than six seconds.不到6秒钟结束战斗
48 00:09:38 Except.it isn't.然而并非如此
49 00:09:50 Dazed and disorientated,尽管瞎跑乱撞
50 00:09:52 the impala makes a miraculous escape.黑斑羚竟然奇迹般逃脱
51 00:10:00 It's been the perfect stealth hunt这是一次完美的偷袭捕猎
52 00:10:03 and she's nothing to show for it.但花豹没什么值得炫耀的
53 00:10:08 But then, six out of seven leopard hunts end in failure.另一方面 花豹捕猎七次 有六次会失败
54 00:10:17 A leopard's hunting strategy depends on finding cover.其捕猎策略完全依赖于寻找掩护
55 00:10:21 But how do you catch your prey在完全无处藏身的地方
56 00:10:24 in a place where there's literally nowhere to hide?你将用什么方法捕获猎物呢
57 00:10:29 That's the challenge facing Zambia's wild dogs.这就是赞比亚野狗面临的挑战
58 00:10:40 This close-knit pack is made up of one adult female这个组织严密的群体 包括一只成年雌性
59 00:10:44 and her 12 offspring from last year.还有去年出生的12只后代
60 00:10:57 Unlike the solitary leopard,不同于花豹单独行动
61 00:10:59 wild dogs depend for their survival on teamwork.野狗依赖于群体生存
62 00:11:12 Dogs that play together.众野狗一起玩耍
63 00:11:14 work together.一起合作
64 00:11:23 Each morning, the pack heads out across the open plain,每天早晨 种群出发穿越开阔平原
65 00:11:28 prospecting for prey.勘察猎物的迹象
66 00:11:33 Mother decides which direction they go.母亲决定行动方向
67 00:11:39 The rest stay close.其余野狗紧紧跟随
68 00:11:48 They'll keep going for miles until they find the right kind of prey.它们将继续前进数英里 直到发现合适的猎物
69 00:12:00 Adult zebra are too big a challenge.成年斑马体型太大 对付不了
70 00:12:05 And the same goes for tsessebe.南非大羚羊也一样
71 00:12:15 An oribi is an easier target.非洲侏羚更容易捕获
72 00:12:20 But is it worth the effort,但值得为之辛苦一番吗
73 00:12:22 especially on an oribi that's as fit and bouncy as this one?特别是对这只蹦跳有力的羚羊
74 00:12:29 Better to save their energy for something bigger.还是节省体力 去找更大的猎物
75 00:12:37 A wildebeest.一头角马
76 00:12:41 It's what they've been looking for.正是它们要找的猎物
77 00:12:51 The dogs need to make the wildebeest run.野狗们需要迫使角马逃跑
78 00:12:56 Their success will depend on wearing him down in a long chase.它们的成功依赖于 将角马在长距离追逐中累垮
79 00:13:22 While the prey's running, the dogs have the advantage.在猎物逃跑时 野狗占据优势
80 00:13:41 But when the wildebeest stand their ground, the tables are turned.但角马坚定不动 形式逆转
81 00:13:46 Faced with a wall of horns,面对利角形成的一堵墙
82 00:13:49 the pack is powerless.猎狗群无力对抗
83 00:13:52 But not all the wildebeest have had the courage to stop.但并非所有角马 都有停下来的勇气
84 00:14:03 Now the real contest begins.真正的战斗开始了
85 00:14:11 The wildebeest are big and strong.角马高达强壮
86 00:14:17 But the dogs have stamina.但野狗具有耐力
87 00:14:30 Right now, hunters and hunted are clocking 40mph.现在 捕猎者与猎物时速均为40英里
88 00:14:35 The pack can keep this pace up for miles.野狗群能保持这种速度 继续跑几英里
89 00:14:43 The wildebeest can't.角马却不行
90 00:14:58 One wildebeest peels off.一头角马掉队了
91 00:15:00 Then another two.然后又有两头
92 00:15:02 The split confuses the inexperienced pack,经验不足的野狗群分了心
93 00:15:05 sending them in different directions.朝不同方向跑去
94 00:15:11 The mother and one youngster continue on.母野狗和一只年轻野狗继续追逐
95 00:15:22 The rest of the pack stop, believing they have an easier target.其它野狗停下来 认为找到了更容易的目标
96 00:15:37 It's a mistake.这是个大错
97 00:15:40 Like a beast with two heads, each bull protects the other's rear.如同双头野兽 每只雄角马保护另一只的后方
98 00:15:46 And the dogs can do nothing.野狗们无计可施
99 00:15:54 Ahead, the chase continues.在前面 追逐仍在继续
100 00:15:57 Another wildebeest peels off.又有一只角马掉队
101 00:15:59 Now the mother has just one in her sights.现在 母野狗眼前只有一头角马
102 00:16:04 But it will mean nothing without the help of the rest of the pack.没有其它野狗的帮助 这毫无价值
103 00:16:09 The situation here has reached stalemate.这里的情况陷入僵局
104 00:16:16 The young dogs have lost valuable time.年轻野狗失去了宝贵的时间
105 00:16:19 They must try and catch up with their mother.它们必须努力赶上母亲
106 00:16:32 Back at the front, the mother is beginning to tire.回到最前线 母野狗开始体力不支
107 00:16:39 And the wildebeest knows it,角马知道这一点
108 00:16:40 bouncing to show he's still strong and not worth chasing.跳跃着以显示它依然强壮 不值得追赶
109 00:16:47 But fresh, young legs are catching up fast.但年轻猎狗正在赶上
110 00:17:03 When one dog tires,当一只野狗累了
111 00:17:05 there's always another member of the team to take up the lead.总会有另一个队员 接过领队任务
112 00:17:13 The dogs now have the numbers to bring the wildebeest down.现在野狗数量足够多 能将角马扑倒
113 00:17:28 Each bite risks a broken jaw,每咬一口 颌骨都有撕裂的危险
114 00:17:31 but going for the legs is the only way to stop it.但只有咬腿部 才能使角马停下
115 00:17:37 And they must do so before it reaches the safety of the herd,而且必须赶在 角马回到前方几百米远的
116 00:17:40 a few hundred metres ahead.安全的大部队之前
117 00:18:07 After a 20-minute chase, the bull's energy is near spent.经过20分钟追逐 公角马体力将尽
118 00:18:15 This time there will be no sanctuary within the herd.这次 它无法回到大群体中避难
119 00:18:22 The dogs' stamina has been rewarded.野狗的耐力得到了回报
120 00:18:25 All they must do now is to bring their quarry to the ground.现在 它们必须将猎物拖倒在地
121 00:18:35 Working as a pack群体合作
122 00:18:37 allows wild dogs to take on prey ten times heavier野狗捕获比自身体型大十倍的猎物
123 00:18:40 than any one of them.成为可能
124 00:18:49 But many mouths need a lot of food.狗多肉少不够吃
125 00:18:56 The price they pay for these numbers数量众多的代价就是
126 00:18:58 is knowing they'll have to attempt the same thing again tomorrow.它们知道 不论明天还是以后哪一天
127 00:19:02 and every day.捕猎还得继续
128 00:19:10 Teamwork and stamina on Africa's open plains在非洲开阔平原上 团队合作加上耐力
129 00:19:14 have proved to be a winning combination.被证明是成功的最佳组合
130 00:19:23 But in the dense and complex world of the jungle,但在浓密丛林中的复杂世界
131 00:19:27 hunting is a never-ending game of hide and seek.捕猎变成无尽的捉迷藏游戏
132 00:19:37 Here, it pays to sit still.在这里 静止不动并融入环境
133 00:19:41 and blend in.十分有效
134 00:19:47 because you just never know who's watching.因为你不知道谁在暗中观察
135 00:20:03 The Parson's chameleon is an expert国王变色龙
136 00:20:07 in the see-and-not-be-seen game.是玩藏猫猫的专家
137 00:20:14 It lets its eyes do all the work.它让双眼做所有工作
138 00:20:18 while the rest of its body moves in slow motion,同时身体其它部分缓慢移动
139 00:20:22 so as not to scare possible targets.避免惊吓潜在的目标
140 00:20:26 The problem is that it can only see prey if it moves.问题是 它只能看见移动的猎物
141 00:20:32 So is this a stick insect.比如这只竹节虫
142 00:20:35 or a stick?还是一根树枝
143 00:20:39 Ah-hah.啊哈
144 00:20:42 Time to unleash its secret weapon.该拿出秘密武器了
145 00:20:51 a tongue longer than its body.比身体还长的舌头
146 00:21:00 The Parson's close cousin, the nasutum chameleon,国王变色龙的近亲 Nasutum变色龙
147 00:21:04 has the same weapon, but in miniature.拥有同样的武器 但更小型
148 00:21:12 As small as a matchstick, he needs to get much closer to its prey.大小如火柴棍 它得更加靠近猎物
149 00:21:21 But even with eyes as big as its stomach,尽管双眼和自己的胃一样大
150 00:21:25 this isn't the meal deal he was hoping for.这显然不是它期望的美餐
151 00:21:38 In the jungle, it's hard finding the right-sized prey在丛林中 作为微型掠食者
152 00:21:42 when you're a tiny predator.寻找合适大小的猎物 十分困难
153 00:21:50 Promising opportunities大好的机会
154 00:21:52 can quickly turn to disappointment.也可能以失望告终
155 00:22:00 Spotting any kind of prey in this dense, green world在浓密的绿色世界中 发现任何种类的猎物
156 00:22:04 is hard.都不容易
157 00:22:07 If you do find something, you want to make sure it doesn't escape.如果确实发现了什么 你肯定不想让它逃掉
158 00:22:13 The praying mantis has arms螳螂的武器
159 00:22:15 that can strike ten times faster than a blink of the eye.攻击速度比人类眨眼快十倍
160 00:22:21 And it's the only insect known to see in 3D.它是已知唯一具有3D视觉的昆虫
161 00:22:27 Perfect for judging strike distances.十分善于判断攻击距离
162 00:22:36 But like the chameleon,和变色龙一样
163 00:22:38 her problem is seeing prey when it freezes.它的困难是发现静止的猎物
164 00:22:44 She needs some movement to be sure it's food.它需要动作来确定 是不是食物
165 00:22:49 Just the tiniest sign of life.仅仅是最轻微的生命迹象
166 00:22:57 Yep, that's done it.好 这就行了
167 00:23:03 The lightning strike has given her the edge over her insect prey,快如闪电的攻击 赋予它捕食昆虫的优势
168 00:23:08 but it doesn't pay to be complacent.但不能为此自鸣得意
169 00:23:19 In the jungle arms race,在丛林武装竞赛中
170 00:23:21 only too often there's someone else with a more powerful weapon.大多数情况下 总有一方拥有更强力的武器
171 00:23:29 And there's one predator that has, perhaps,有一种掠食者可能具有
172 00:23:32 the most ingenious answer of all to the jungle's challenge.最独特的方法 来应对丛林的挑战
173 00:23:38 It lives along rivers in the rainforests of Madagascar.它生活在马达加斯加河岸边的雨林中
174 00:23:43 The insects it hunts fly down the same jungle corridors.它捕食的昆虫 同样沿丛林通道飞行
175 00:23:49 But there's a problem.但有个问题
176 00:23:51 It's a web-building spider.这是结网蜘蛛
177 00:23:54 So how does it get over the river to hunt?那么 它怎么才能过河捕猎呢
178 00:23:58 It's called Darwin's bark spider这是达尔文树皮蜘蛛
179 00:24:01 and the female has a remarkable strategy.雌蜘蛛拥有非凡的策略
180 00:24:24 Like a real-life Spider-Woman,如同真正的蜘蛛女侠
181 00:24:27 she sprays strands of silk in one long, continuous flow.它喷出一根长长的细丝
182 00:24:36 The threads fan out like a sail就像船帆一样
183 00:24:38 and drift on air currents blowing across the water.借助吹过水面的气流而飘动
184 00:24:43 Every few seconds, she crimps the strands together每过几秒钟 它就会把蛛丝捆起来
185 00:24:46 to stop them spreading too widely.防止散得太开
186 00:24:51 The breeze will do the rest,接下来 就交给微风了
187 00:24:53 blowing the threads into a single line and a 25-metre bridge.将蛛丝吹成一根线 形成25米长的桥
188 00:25:01 Now she must reinforce her bridge, because her web will hang from it.它现在必须加固桥梁 它要在上面结网
189 00:25:12 But there's something bouncing the line at the other end.但是 线的另一头却有东西在振动
190 00:25:16 Another Darwin's spider is trying to take advantage of her hard work.另一只达尔文树皮蜘蛛 想要抢夺劳动成果
191 00:25:28 She must deal with the intruder head on.它必须应对眼前的入侵者
192 00:25:35 The cut line is an inconvenience,将线切断虽然会带来不便
193 00:25:38 but no more than that.但只能这样
194 00:25:42 With hooks on the tips of each leg, she gathers in the thread.借助每条腿末端的细钩 它将蛛丝收集起来
195 00:25:51 It won't go to waste, as she'll eat it later.它接着会吃掉蛛丝 因此不会浪费
196 00:26:02 When it's all reeled in, she sprays again.所有蛛丝都卷起来后 它再次吐丝
197 00:26:09 Out streams another 25-metre bridging line.流出25米长的过桥线
198 00:26:21 How a spider, no bigger than a thumbnail,不过拇指甲盖大小的蜘蛛
199 00:26:23 can produce so much silk so quickly竟能快速产生这么多蛛丝
200 00:26:26 has baffled scientists.科学家们困惑不已
201 00:26:32 And it's no ordinary silk.而且这不是普通的丝
202 00:26:34 It's the toughest natural fibre on the planet,这是地球上最强韧的天然纤维
203 00:26:37 tougher than steel.比钢丝更结实
204 00:26:41 And it needs to be tough to span the wide river.它必须足够结实 才能跨越宽阔的河流
205 00:26:48 With the bridge taut桥梁张紧了
206 00:26:50 and the ground anchor in place,固定锚也已经就位
207 00:26:52 it's time to construct her trap.是时候建造陷阱了
208 00:27:07 These spiders can build the world's largest orb webs,这些蜘蛛能够建造世界上最大的圆形网
209 00:27:11 up to two metres wide.宽度达2米
210 00:27:16 A few hours from the first spray of bridging line,从喷射第一根架桥丝线几小时后
211 00:27:19 the job is done.完工了
212 00:27:25 Now her strategy is simple.现在 它的策略简单明了
213 00:27:29 sit and wait.静坐等待
214 00:27:50 And there's one final bout of silk production.它吐出蛛丝 发动最后一击
215 00:27:55 shrink-wrapping her food for later.把猎物缠起来 以后再享用
216 00:28:04 Not all rivers provide their predators并非所有河流都能给掠食者
217 00:28:07 with a steady supply of prey.提供稳定的食物供应
218 00:28:10 On the Grumeti River in Tanzania,在坦桑尼亚的格鲁美地河
219 00:28:13 lives the planet's most patient predator.生存着地球上最耐心的掠食者
220 00:28:20 A Nile crocodile.尼罗鳄
221 00:28:24 Five metres long,体长5米
222 00:28:25 700 kilos重700公斤
223 00:28:27 and very hungry.而且饥肠辘辘
224 00:28:31 His last square meal was nearly a year ago.它上一顿大餐接近一年前
225 00:28:41 The river's other residents aren't food.河里的其它居民并不是食物
226 00:28:46 just a distraction.只会让它分心
227 00:28:48 He is waiting for something bigger它正在等待更大的猎物
228 00:28:51 from over the horizon.就在视野之外
229 00:28:56 But beyond the big croc's isolated river,但在这条大鳄鱼独居的河流之外
230 00:28:58 there's still no sign of the migratory herds仍然没有它赖以为生的
231 00:29:01 he depends on for survival.迁徙兽群的迹象
232 00:29:11 Other, smaller crocs are waiting, too.其它体型较小的鳄鱼也在等着
233 00:29:15 but their meal ticket depends on the hunting skills of the big guy.但它们的餐券 却依赖大家伙的捕猎机巧
234 00:29:26 The herds could be here in a week, or a month.迁徙兽群可能一星期才来 或者一个月
235 00:29:29 In rare years, not at all.在罕见的年份 根本就没有兽群
236 00:29:34 Until then, the crocs must conserve their energy.在那之前 鳄鱼必须节约能量
237 00:30:02 Finally, the sound they've all been waiting for.最终 它们期盼已久的声音出现了
238 00:30:12 The herds have arrived.迁徙兽群来了
239 00:30:22 It's time for the crocs to get into position.现在 鳄鱼们各就各位
240 00:30:37 All eyes will be on the big guy.它们都注视着这条大鳄鱼
241 00:30:40 Only he has the power to tackle a full-grown wildebeest.只有它具有足够的力量 拖倒一头成年角马
242 00:30:52 The year-long wait is almost over.一年的等待快要结束了
243 00:31:02 After months on the march, the wildebeest are desperate to drink.迁徙了数月时间 角马口渴难耐
244 00:31:11 But experience has taught the adults to be cautious.但经验告诉成年角马 必须小心谨慎
245 00:31:23 The water is just too inviting for a calf,小角马无法抗拒水的诱惑力
246 00:31:26 unaware of the dangers within.并不知道危险存在
247 00:31:38 But every wildebeest must take its chances.但每一头角马必须抓住机会
248 00:31:44 and hope that its reflexes are faster希望自己的反应速度
249 00:31:47 than what many know lurks in the murky waters.比隐藏在浑水中的鳄鱼更快
250 00:31:57 Just a harmless hippo.一头无害的河马
251 00:32:21 That was no hippo.那不是河马
252 00:32:27 It's put the wildebeest more on edge.这让角马的处境更加危险
253 00:32:35 But here, fear always gives way to thirst.但在这里 干渴却战胜了恐惧
254 00:33:08 Catching the wildebeest is all about timing.捕获角马只是时间问题
255 00:33:35 The big croc's technique is rusty.大鳄鱼的技巧退步了
256 00:33:38 It's been a whole year since his last hunt距离上次捕猎 已经过了一整年
257 00:33:40 and he's out of practice.而且它缺少练习
258 00:33:47 But this isn't the end of the drama, just an intermission.但这并不是故事的结尾 只是中场休息
259 00:33:53 For the next two weeks,接下来两个星期
260 00:33:55 waves of wildebeest will pass through the Grumeti.一波波角马会穿过格鲁美地河
261 00:34:02 Time for the big croc to try a different tactic.大鳄鱼该使用不同的战术了
262 00:34:08 The floating log.漂浮圆木
263 00:34:13 He's hoping the wildebeest won't notice him until it's too late.它希望在发动袭击前 角马不会注意到它
264 00:34:40 Now the smaller crocs move in.小鳄鱼一拥而上
265 00:34:46 The big croc will need their help to tear off chunks.大鳄鱼需要它们的帮助 来撕扯猎物
266 00:34:51 Crocs can't chew, so they have to spin together鳄鱼无法咀嚼 它们会一起旋转身体
267 00:34:54 to tear pieces off the carcass.将猎物遗体撕碎
268 00:34:58 Everyone gets their share.每只鳄鱼都分到了肉
269 00:35:01 and it's all thanks to the big guy.都归功于那条大鳄鱼
270 00:35:06 He won't feed again until the wildebeest return next year.直到角马明年回来 它才能再次进食
271 00:35:15 Across the globe, millions of animals are continuously on the move全球范围内 数以百万的动物持续迁徙
272 00:35:20 in search of seasonal food.寻找季节性食物
273 00:35:23 But it's not just prey animals that must migrate.不仅被捕猎的动物会迁徙
274 00:35:28 Some predators have to journey, too.一些掠食者也会旅行
275 00:35:37 Amur falcons are one of the world's greatest long-distance travellers.东方红脚隼 是世界上最伟大的长途旅行者之一
276 00:35:45 As their prey dries up in their breeding grounds in Siberia,在西伯利亚的繁殖地 猎物捕捉殆尽
277 00:35:49 they embark on an epic migration to Southern Africa,它们就踏上了到南非的史诗迁徙
278 00:35:53 crossing 14 countries, two continents and one ocean.途经十四个国家 两块大陆和一片大洋
279 00:36:01 Only here, in this remote valley in northeast India,只有这里 印度东北部的偏远山谷
280 00:36:05 do they join forces.它们加入迁徙大军
281 00:36:18 A million falcons一百万只隼
282 00:36:20 and the greatest gathering of birds of prey on the planet.这是地球上 捕食鸟类最大的群体集合
283 00:36:39 This valley is a vital pit stop on the falcons' migration.这座山谷是迁徙途中 重要的休息站
284 00:36:45 The tiny raptors can go no further直到获得足够的脂肪贮备
285 00:36:48 until they build up their fat reserves.这些小型猛禽才能继续迁徙
286 00:36:52 and they've timed their arrival here perfectly.它们到达的时机 恰到好处
287 00:37:02 For just a few weeks each year, winged termites, alates,每年有几周时间 带翅白蚁
288 00:37:06 leave the safety of their mounds in millions.数以百万地离开安全的土堆
289 00:37:27 High in calories, these alates are exactly what the falcons need东方红脚隼正需要富含高热量的白蚁
290 00:37:30 to fuel their oceanic crossing,为跨洋飞行提供能量
291 00:37:33 the longest made by any bird of prey.这是捕食鸟中最长的迁徙
292 00:38:01 To have any chance of surviving their journey,为了在迁徙中尽可能生存下来
293 00:38:04 they must nearly double their weight in just two weeks.它们必须在两周内将体重加倍
294 00:38:12 Those that make it to South Africa它们到达南非之后
295 00:38:14 will have to do the whole trip back again in four months' time.4个月以后 还要沿着原迁徙路线返回
296 00:38:20 For Amur falcons,对东方红脚隼来说
297 00:38:22 survival means flying 14,000 miles every year of their lives.生存意味着 生命中每一年都要飞行14000英里
298 00:38:38 For some predators, it's not the distance they have to travel对于某些掠食者 最大的挑战
299 00:38:41 that's their greatest challenge,不是旅行的距离
300 00:38:43 but the size of their prey.而是猎物的体型
301 00:38:46 And few challenges come bigger than the one in this ocean.没有比海洋中这只动物更大的挑战了
302 00:38:51 Each year, female humpback whales每年 雌性座头鲸
303 00:38:54 journey from their feeding grounds in Antarctica to Australia都要从南极洲的觅食地 前往澳洲
304 00:38:58 to have their calves.生产幼鲸
305 00:39:01 These calm, warm waters are a perfect nursery.这片安静温暖的水域 是绝佳的育儿所
306 00:39:06 Perfect, but for one thing.是很不错 很有一个问题
307 00:39:12 Orcas, killer whales.虎鲸 又称杀人鲸
308 00:39:16 They appear just as the migration begins.它们在座头鲸开始迁徙时出现
309 00:39:20 And they're on the hunt for calves.它们的目标是幼鲸
310 00:39:24 Highly intelligent, orca are the ocean's most successful predator.具有极高的智力 虎鲸是海洋中最成功的掠食者
311 00:39:32 When hunting, they can travel at 30mph.它们捕猎时的速度 高达每小时30英里
312 00:39:38 twice as fast as a mother and calf.是母座头鲸和幼鲸的两倍
313 00:40:04 The hunters close in silently.捕猎者悄无声息地靠近
314 00:40:13 It's only now that the mother realises they've been followed.直到这时 母座头鲸才发现它们被盯上了
315 00:40:17 The orca have the advantage of numbers,虎鲸拥有数量优势
316 00:40:20 but they need to be cautious.但它们仍需谨慎
317 00:40:23 The mother's rear is protected by a five-metre-wide tail母座头鲸的武器 是宽达5米的尾鳍
318 00:40:27 that could slice through them.能将虎鲸割穿
319 00:40:33 Her flanks are defended by a pair of long, barnacle-covered flippers.它两侧的武装 是覆盖着藤壶的双鳍
320 00:40:39 And in the middle is the calf,幼鲸在中间
321 00:40:41 riding high on its mother's back and out of reach.高高地骑在母亲背上 虎鲸够不到
322 00:40:45 To separate mother from calf,为了将母鲸和幼鲸分开
323 00:40:47 the orca must use all their intelligence.虎鲸必须用尽计谋
324 00:40:52 They take it in turns它们轮流进攻
325 00:40:53 to try and wave wash the baby away from its mother.尝试用波浪 把幼鲸从母亲背上冲下来
326 00:41:02 In a month, the calf would be strong enough to withstand the onslaught.再过一个月 幼鲸会变得足够强壮以反抗攻击
327 00:41:07 Not now.现在却不行
328 00:41:13 But then the tables are turned.接着形式逆转
329 00:41:17 A male humpback arrives, driving the orca away with its flippers.一只雄座头鲸来了 用双鳍将虎鲸赶走
330 00:41:30 And the situation worsens when a second male appears.另一只雄座头鲸出现 形势对虎鲸更加不利
331 00:41:35 Now the pod face the power of three 40-tonne whales,虎鲸群面对着3头重达40吨座头鲸
332 00:41:40 and the escorts make their weight count.护送队的巨大体型 开始起作用
333 00:41:52 The bubbles are like a smokescreen,这些气泡如同烟幕弹
334 00:41:56 blocking the orcas' vision and sonar.封闭了虎鲸的视觉和声呐
335 00:42:01 There's a real danger of being injured被看不见的尾鳍和侧鳍打一下
336 00:42:03 by an unseen fluke or flipper.是很危险的
337 00:42:18 With the escorts defending both sides of the mother,有护送队在母座头鲸两侧保护
338 00:42:21 the killer whales have been outmanoeuvred.虎鲸无计可施
339 00:42:32 As the orca retreat, the escorts drive home their advantage,虎鲸开始撤退 护送队乘胜追击
340 00:42:35 pushing the hunters further away.将捕猎者赶得更远
341 00:42:45 It's an error of judgment.这是个错误的决定
342 00:42:49 With mother and calf unprotected,母鲸和幼鲸毫无防护
343 00:42:51 the orca double back before the humpbacks can react.座头鲸来不及逃跑 虎鲸又杀了回来
344 00:43:17 The killer whales separate the calf from its mother.虎鲸将幼鲸与母亲分开
345 00:43:23 They push the calf underwater它们将幼鲸按在水里
346 00:43:25 and drown it.使它窒息而亡
347 00:43:34 The intelligent hunters have turned defeat into victory.机智的捕猎者转败为胜
348 00:43:45 The orcas' prize is so large that sharks are quick to take advantage.虎鲸的猎物很大 鲨鱼也过来分一杯羹
349 00:44:02 Through intelligence, stamina and teamwork,依靠智谋 耐力和团队合作
350 00:44:05 the orca have mastered the ocean's greatest challenge.虎鲸战胜了海洋中最大的挑战
351 00:44:10 Yet even they fail as often as they succeed.然而就算是它们 也是胜败各半
352 00:44:23 Most predators fail most of the time.大多数掠食者 失败是家常便饭
353 00:44:28 It's what makes them the hardest-working animals这让它们成为地球上
354 00:44:31 on the planet.最辛劳的动物
355 00:44:40 The pressure is even greater when they have other mouths to feed.有家庭要养活时 压力就更大了
356 00:44:52 At eight months old,已经8个月大了
357 00:44:54 these cubs are still totally dependent on their mother.这些幼崽还要完全依靠母亲
358 00:45:02 To support them she must kill something large, like a gazelle,几乎每一天 它都得捕获一只大猎物来养家
359 00:45:06 nearly every day.比如一头瞪羚
360 00:45:11 But these youngsters are proof这些幼崽说明
361 00:45:13 that she has overcome the challenge of their habitat.它已经克服了栖息地中的挑战
362 00:45:20 Few cheetah mothers get this far with four cubs.很少有母猎豹 会离4只幼崽这么远
363 00:45:39 If the cubs are to survive without her,幼崽们想要独立生存
364 00:45:42 they must watch their mother carefully就必须仔细观察母亲
365 00:45:44 and learn the strategies for hunting on the open plains.学习在开阔平原的捕猎技术
366 00:45:52 There's a lot to take in.还有很多要学习的
367 00:46:15 They'll need to learn它们得学会
368 00:46:17 that their top speed can only be sustained for a few seconds.它们的最高速度只能持续几秒钟
369 00:46:32 They'll have to master how to match the twisting turns of the prey,它们要掌握应对猎物突然转弯的技巧
370 00:46:36 so they get close enough to trip it.才能追上并扑倒猎物
371 00:46:58 And they will soon learn the margin for error is tiny.它们很快就会懂得 犯错的余地很小
372 00:47:07 The odds are against them.它们的生存 困难重重
373 00:47:16 90% of cheetah cubs90%的猎豹幼崽
374 00:47:18 never make it to their second birthday.无法活到一周岁大
375 00:47:24 Even with this experienced mother,即使有经验丰富的母亲
376 00:47:26 the future for this family is far from certain.这一家猎豹的将来 还远远未知
377 00:47:34 All any predator can do is to keep on trying.所有掠食者能做的就是坚持不懈
